Ibigori byatewe na smut? Kumenyekanisha ku gihe, kwirinda no kuvura hakiri kare birashobora kwirinda icyorezo

Ibigori byijimye ku giti cyibigori mubyukuri ni indwara, ikunze kwitwa ibigori byibigori, nanone bita smut, bakunze kwita imifuka yumukara nububiko bwirabura. Ustilago ni imwe mu ndwara zikomeye z'ibigori, zigira ingaruka zikomeye ku musaruro w'ibigori no ku bwiza. Urwego rwo kugabanya umusaruro ruratandukanye bitewe nigihe cyo gutangira, ingano yindwara hamwe n’aho indwara ziri.

  

Ibimenyetso nyamukuru byerekana ibigori

Ibigori byibigori birashobora kugaragara mugihe cyo gukura, ariko ntibisanzwe mubyiciro byingemwe kandi byiyongera vuba nyuma yo guterwa. Indwara izabaho mugihe ingemwe z'ibigori zifite amababi yukuri 4-5. Ibiti n'amababi by'ingemwe zirwaye bizahinduka, bihindurwe, kandi bigufi. Ibibyimba bito bizagaragara munsi yibiti hafi yubutaka. Iyo ibigori bimaze gukura kugera kuntambwe imwe, ibimenyetso bizagaragara. Biragaragara cyane ko nyuma yibi, amababi, uruti, tassel, amatwi, nuduti twa axillary bizandura umwe umwe hanyuma ibibyimba bizagaragara. Ibibyimba biratandukanye mubunini, kuva kuri bito nkigi kugeza kuri binini. Ibibyimba byabanje kugaragara nka silver yera, irabagirana, kandi itoshye. Iyo ikuze, membrane yo hanze irashwanyuka kandi ikarekura ifu yumukara. Ku gihingwa cyibigori, hashobora kubaho ikibyimba kimwe cyangwa byinshi. Tassel imaze gukururwa, florets zimwe zirandura kandi zigatera ibibyimba bisa na cyst cyangwa amahembe. Akenshi ibibyimba byinshi bikusanyiriza mu kirundo. Tassel imwe irashobora kugira Umubare wibibyimba uratandukanye kuva kuri bike kugeza kuri icumi.

Uburyo bugaragara bwibigori bya smut

Indwara ya bagiteri ishobora gutera imbeho mu butaka, ifumbire cyangwa ibisigazwa by’ibiti birwaye kandi ni yo soko yambere yandura mu mwaka wa kabiri. Chlamydospores yumiye ku mbuto igira uruhare runini mu gukwirakwiza intera ndende ya smut. Indwara ya patogene imaze gutera igihingwa cyibigori, mycelium izakura vuba mumyanya myanya ya parenchyma kandi itange ibintu bisa na auxin bitera ingirabuzimafatizo mu gihingwa cyibigori, bigatuma byiyongera kandi bikagwira, amaherezo bikabyimba ibibyimba. Iyo ikibyimba kimenetse, umubare munini wa teliospores uzarekurwa, bigatera kongera kugaruka.

Ingamba zo gukumira no kugenzura ibigori bya smut
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. Nyuma yo gusarura ibigori, amababi yaguye y ibihingwa bisigaye mu murima bigomba kuvaho burundu kugirango bigabanye isoko ya bagiteri itumba mu butaka. Ku mirima ifite uburwayi bukomeye ,, irinde guhinga guhoraho.
(3) Shimangira imicungire y’ubuhinzi: Mbere ya byose, gutera hafi gushyira mu gaciro ni cyo gipimo nyamukuru gishobora gufatwa. Gutera neza ibigori bikwiye kandi ntibishobora kongera umusaruro gusa, ariko kandi birinda neza ko habaho ibigori byibigori. Byongeye kandi, amazi n'ifumbire byombi bigomba gukoreshwa muburyo bukwiye. Byinshi ntabwo bizoroha kugenzura ibigori bya smut.
. Muri icyo gihe, fungiside nka Carbendazim na Tebuconazole zirashobora guterwa. Fata ingamba zikwiye zo kwirinda smut.
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