Pome, amapera, amashaza nizindi ndwara zibiti byimbuto zibora, kugirango gukumira no kuvura bikire

Ibimenyetso byangirika

Indwara ibora yibasira cyane cyane ibiti byimbuto bimaze imyaka irenga 6. Igiti cyakuze, nimbuto nyinshi, nindwara zikomeye zibora. Indwara yibasira cyane cyane igiti n'amashami nyamukuru. Hariho ubwoko butatu busanzwe:

. Imiterere yindwara yimvura iroroshye, yoroshye kurira, kwiheba kwintoki, no gusohora umutobe wumuhondo wumuhondo, hamwe nuburyohe bwa lees. Mu ci, uko ubushyuhe buzamutse, ikibanza kigabanuka, inkombe ikagira ibice, kandi uruhu rukura ibibara bito byirabura. Iyo itose, utudomo duto twumukara dusohora zahabu.

. Uruhande ntirumeze neza, mubusanzwe santimetero 2 kugeza kuri 3 zubujyakuzimu, ubunini bwumusumari kugeza kuri santimetero mirongo, hamwe niterambere ryicyapa cyindwara cyagutse buhoro buhoro, icyapa cyagaragaye kiboze. Mugihe cyanyuma cyindwara, ikibanza cyumye kandi kigabanuka muburyo bwa keke. Ibisebe bitera imbere mu gihe cyizuba.

. iterambere ryindwara, ikibanza kizengurutse uruti nyuma yicyumweru, bikavamo ikibanza kiri hejuru yo gutakaza amazi kandi cyumye, mubihe bitose byumwanya utudomo twumukara.

Amategeko yo kubaho

Indwara ya bagiteri itera indwara yibiti byimbuto byitwa pome melanoderma, ikaba ari ya ascomyces subphylum fungi. Imiterere ya asus mu gihe cyizuba. Ascospore idafite ibara, selile imwe. Igisekuru kidahuje igitsina cyitwa Musa sinensis, kikaba cyitwa subphylum mycetose. Gukora conidium munsi yigituba. Gutumba cyane mumyanya irwaye hamwe na mycelium numubiri wera utarakura. Indwara yatangiye muri Mata umwaka utaha, igihe ubushyuhe burenze 10 ℃ n'ubushuhe bugereranije buri hejuru ya 60%, indwara itangira kugaragara, iyo ubushyuhe buri 24 ~ 28 ℃ naho ubushuhe bugereranije buri hejuru ya 90%, ihembe rya conidial irashobora kubyazwa umusaruro mumasaha 2. Indwara ibaho inshuro ebyiri mu mwaka. Ni ukuvuga, muri Werurwe kugeza Mata na Kanama kugeza Nzeri, impeshyi iremereye kuruta izuba. Iyo igiti gikomeye kandi imirire ikaba myiza, indwara iba yoroheje. Iyo igiti gifite intege nke, kubura amapfa y’ifumbire, imbuto nyinshi, indwara zikomeye.

Intangiriro kuri Farumasi

Uyu mukozi nitebuconazole, ikaba ari triazole fungiside, ibuza cyane cyane demethylation ya ergosterol kuri selile ya selile ya bagiteri itera indwara, kugirango virusi idashobora gukora ingirabuzimafatizo, bityo ikica bagiteri zitera indwara. Ifite ibiranga ubugari bwa bagiteri nyinshi, ingaruka ndende kandi zifata neza. Ifite imirimo yo kurinda, kuvura no kurandura indwara, kandi irashobora gukumira imvura na bagiteri, kandi igateza imbere gukira ibikomere no gukomeretsa.

Ikintu nyamukuru

(1) Ikwirakwizwa rya bagiteri nyinshi:Tebuconazolentishobora gukumira no kuvura kubora gusa, ariko kandi irinda kandi ikavura indwara zitandukanye nkibibabi byamababi, ikibara cyumukara, powdery mildew, indwara yimpeta, scare scab, inzabibu zera zera nibindi.

(2) Uburyo bwiza bwa sisitemu:Tebuconazoleirashobora kwinjizwa na rhizomes, amababi nibindi bice by ibihingwa, hanyuma ikanduzwa mubice bitandukanye byigihingwa binyuze muri floem kugirango igere ku ntego yo kurwanya indwara zuzuye.

(3) Ingaruka ndende: Nyumatebuconazoleikururwa nigiti namababi, irashobora kubaho mubihingwa igihe kirekire kugirango igere ku ntego yo guhora yica mikorobe. By'umwihariko, paste ikoreshwa mu gusiga, kandi imiti yasizwe ku bisebe ikora urwego rwa firime yubuvuzi, itagwa, irwanya urumuri rwizuba, imvura na okiside yumuyaga, kandi irashobora gukomeza gukina ingaruka zo gukumira no kuvura za imiti mu gihe cy'umwaka umwe. Igihe cyemewe gishobora kuba kingana numwaka 1, gishobora kugabanya cyane inshuro yimiti nigiciro cyimiti.

（4 kwirinda Gukumira no kugenzura neza:Tebuconazoleifite imirimo yo kurinda, kuvura no kurandura, kandi igira ingaruka nziza zo kwica kuri bagiteri hejuru y ibikomere na bagiteri imbere, kandi kugenzura birasobanutse neza.

Ibihingwa bikoreshwa

Intumwa irashobora gukoreshwa kubiti bitandukanye nka pome, walnut, pashe, cheri, amapera, igikona, amahwa, amababi n'ibiti.

ikintu cyo gukumira

Irashobora gukoreshwa mukurinda no gukiza kubora, kanseri, indwara yimpeta, gutemba, gutemba, nibindi.

Ingamba zo gukumira no kugenzura

. Kora akazi keza ko kunaniza indabyo n'imbuto, umutwaro ushyira mu gaciro, wirinde ko habaho umwaka muto, wongere ikoreshwa ryifumbire mvaruganda, ifumbire yo kuvomera mugihe, wirinde gusaza ibiti byimbuto imburagihe, nibindi, birashobora gukumira neza indwara zibora.

(2) Igenzura rya farumasi: Igenzura ryimiti nuburyo bwiza bwo kugenzura, kandi ibikoresho byo gukumira no kuvura ububi nibyiza cyane. Nyuma yimyaka myinshi yo kwipimisha, ingaruka nziza zo gukumira no kuvura ni pentazolol.Tebuconazoleifite imbaraga zikomeye, kwinjiza neza imbere, irashobora kwinjizwa nigiti namababi, kandi bigakorwa mumubiri, binyuze muri xylem kugirango yimure agent mubice bitandukanye byigiti cyimbuto. Ifite ingaruka zo kurinda, kuvura no kurandura indwara ibora, kandi ingaruka ni ndende, kandi igomba gukoreshwa rimwe mu mwaka.