1. W.ubushyuhe

Mugihe cyo kurabyo no kuzuza ingano, mugihe ikirereisibicu n'imvura, hazaba umubare munini wa mikorobe mu kirere, kandi indwara zizabaho.

Ingano zirashobora kwangirikamuri icyo gihekuva ingemwe kugeza kumutwe, bitera ingemwe kubora, kubora uruti, kubora kumatwi no kubora kwamatwi, muribyo byangirika cyane nukubora ugutwi.

Ingano z'ingano zitwara mikorobe zirimo uburozi, bushobora gutera uburozi mu bantu no ku nyamaswa, bigatera kuruka, kubabara mu nda, kuzunguruka, n'ibindi.

 

Kuvura imiti:

Carbendazim na thiophanate-methylbigira ingaruka nziza mugucunga ingano.

2. W.ubushyuhe bwa powdery mildew

Ku ikubitiro, ibibara byera bigaragara kumababi. Noneho, igenda yiyongera buhoro buhoro hafi ya oval yera yera, kandi hariho igifu cyifu yera hejuru yikibabi. Mugihe cyanyuma, ibibara bihinduka umweru cyangwa umutuku wijimye, hamwe n'umukara mutoUtudomoKuriibibanza byindwara.

 

Fungiside ikwiye:

Triazole (triazolone, propiconazole, pentazolol, nibindi). Ingaruka ni nziza, ariko ntabwo ihamye, kandiitirashobora gukoreshwamubyiciro byambere cyangwa kubikumira.

Azoxystrobinna Pyraclostrobin nayo ifitebyizaIngaruka zo kugenzura ifu ya mildew.

 

3. W.ingese

Ingesekenshibibahosku bibabi, ibishishwa, ibiti n'amatwi. Ibirundo byumuhondo, umutuku-umutuku cyangwa umukara uredospore ibirundo bigaragara ku mababi arwaye cyangwa ku giti,hanyumaibirundo bya spore bihinduka umukara. Indwara igira ingaruka ku mikurire no kuzuza ingano, bigatuma ingano zoroha kandi bikagabanya umusaruro w'ingano.

 

Fungiside ikwiye:

Urashobora guhitamoAzoxystrobin, Tebuconazole, Difenoconazole, Epoxiconazole cyangwa formulaire igoye yibi bintu bikora.

4. Ibibabi by'ingano

Indwara y'ibibabi yibasira cyane cyane amababi n'ibibabi. Ubwa mbere, ova ntoya yumuhondo cyangwa icyatsi kibisi kiboneka kumababi. Noneho ibyapa biba binini byihuse kandi bigahinduka ibyapa binini byumuhondo-byera cyangwa umuhondo-umukara.

Mubisanzwe, indwara itangirira kumababi yo hepfo hanyuma ikura buhoro buhoro hejuru. Mugihe gikomeye, amababi yikimera cyose ahinduka umuhondo agapfa.

 

Fungiside ikwiye:

Urashobora guhitamo Hexaconazole, Tebuconazole, Difenoconazole, Thiophanate-methyl cyangwa formulaire igoye yibi bikoresho.

5. W.ubushyuhe

Intangiriro yindwara, hari firime yumukara hanze yugutwi, yuzuye ifu yumukara. Nyuma yo kwerekeza, firime yaracitse maze ifu yumukara iraguruka.

 

Fungiside ikwiye:

Urashobora guhitamoEpoxiconazole, Tebuconazole, Difenoconazole, Triadimenol

6. R.oot rotof flax

Indwara ifite ibimenyetso bitandukanye mubihe bitandukanye. Mu bice bikakaye kandi byumye, indwara akenshi itera uruti rwibanze no kubora; ahantu hagwa imvura,usibyeibimenyetso byavuzwe haruguru, bitera kandi ibibabi n'ibiti byumye.

Kwirinda:

(1) Hitamo ubwoko bwihanganira indwara kandi wirinde gutera ubwoko bworoshye.

(2) Gushimangira imicungire yo guhinga. Urufunguzo rwo kurwanya imizi ku cyiciro cy’ingemwe ni uko umurima w ingano udashobora guhingwa ubudahwema, kandi ushobora kuzunguruka hamwe n’ibihingwa nka flax, ibirayi, kungufu n’ibiti by’ibinyamisogwe.

(3) Imbuto zometse kumiti. Hamwe na tuzet, shira imbuto mumasaha 24 kugeza 36, ​​kandi ingaruka zo kugenzura zirenga 80%.

(4) Igenzura

Ku nshuro yambere, ifu ya propiconazole cyangwa thiram wettable yatewe mugihe cyindabyo zingano,

Ku nshuro ya kabiri, thiram yatewe kuva mu ngano yuzuye ingano kugeza ku ntangiriro yo kwera amata, hagati yiminsi 15. Cyangwa triadimefon nayo irashobora kurwanya neza indwara.