Ibisobanuro byoroshye: imiti yica ibyatsi idatoranyije yica ibimera byose, imiti yica ibyatsi bibi gusa kandi ntiyica ibimera by'agaciro (harimo ibihingwa cyangwa imirima y'ibimera, nibindi)
Imiti yica udukoko itoranywa ni iki?
Mu gutera imiti yica udukoko mu busitani bwawe, ibyatsi byihariye byangizwa n'umusaruro mu gihe ibyatsi n'ibimera wifuza bitagerwaho.
Imiti yica udukoko ikomoka ku bimera ni amahitamo meza iyo ubona ibyatsi bibi bikura ahantu ushaka ibyatsi n'ibimera, bityo ntugomba guhangayikishwa no gushyira imiti ku byatsi byawe mu buryo bwitondewe no kubyangiza muri icyo gikorwa.
Imiti yica udukoko isanzwe iroroshye cyane kuyikoresha. Kurikiza amabwiriza ari ku kirango hanyuma uvange imiti yica udukoko isanzwe n'amazi mu cyuma gikoresha intoki. Hanyuma ushobora kuyitera ku bimera wifuza gukuraho!
Gutera ibyatsi mu buryo bwo guhitamo
Mu gutandukanya umuti w’ibyatsi n’ibindi bimera cyangwa ibihingwa, ushobora kwibanda ku cyatsi kibisi kugira ngo ugitere. Uburyo bumwe bwiza bwo kubikora ni ugutera umuti nyuma yo gutera imyaka na mbere yuko ibyatsi bibi bikura.
Imiti yica ibyatsi itoranya neza
Muri iki gihe, ushobora gutera umuti w’ibyatsi ku bihingwa cyangwa mu murima udahangayikishijwe no kwangiza ibindi bimera. Guhitamo neza bishobora kugerwaho mu buryo butatu butandukanye:
Mu bijyanye n'imiterere y'umubiri, ibi bivuze ko uburyo ibimera bifata imiti, ibimera ushaka gukuraho bifata imiti vuba cyane kurusha ibimera udashaka.
Mu buryo bwa morphology, ibi bivuga imiterere y'icyatsi kibisi gishobora kugira, nk'ubwoko bw'amababi, harimo amababi manini, ubwoya, n'ibindi.
Mu buryo bwa metabolike, mu gihe ibimera ushaka kurinda bishobora guhindura imiti bitangiritse, ibyatsi bibi ntibishobora.
Ku miti isanzwe ikoreshwa mu kwica udukoko, ni ngombwa kumenya no gusoma amabwiriza witonze kugira ngo utangiza ibimera wifuza kubika. Ibuka ko akamaro k'imiti ikoreshwa mu kwica udukoko gaterwa n'igihe uyikoresha n'ingano yayo.
Ni iyihe miti imwe n'imwe ikunzwe cyane yo kwica udukoko?
1. 2,4-D
Imikoreshereze: Ikoreshwa cyane mu kurwanya ibyatsi bibi biri mu busitani, mu bihingwa by'ibinyampeke, mu nzuri, no mu turere tudahingwa.
Igihe cyo kuyikoresha: Ishyirwa mu bikorwa nyuma yo kumera igihe ibyatsi bibi bikura cyane.
Uburyo bwo gukora: Yigana imisemburo y’ibimera yitwa auxins, igatera gukura ku buryo butagenzurwa ndetse amaherezo igatuma ikimera gipfa.
Ubwoko: Umuti w’ibyatsi utoranijwe, wibasira ibyatsi bibisi.
2. Dicamba
Imikoreshereze: Ikoreshwa mu kurwanya ibyatsi bibi by'amababi manini, akenshi ivanze n'indi miti yica udukoko mu mirima y'ibigori na soya.
Igihe: Ishobora gukoreshwa mbere na nyuma yo kugaragara.
Uburyo bwo gukora: Kimwe na 2,4-D, Dicamba ikora nk'umusemburo w'ibikomoka ku bimera, biganisha ku gukura kudasanzwe no gupfa kw'icyatsi kibisi.
Ubwoko: Umuti w’ibyatsi utoranijwe, wibasira cyane cyane ibyatsi bibisi.
3. MCPA
Imikoreshereze: Ikunze gukoreshwa mu bihingwa by'ibinyampeke, mu gucunga ubwatsi, no mu rwuri kugira ngo irwanye ibyatsi bibi by'amababi manini.
Igihe cyo kuyikoresha: Ikoreshwa nyuma yo kumera mu gihe cy'ikura ry'ibyatsi bibi.
Uburyo bwo gukora: Ikora nk'umusemburo w'ibimera, kimwe na 2,4-D, ikabangamira uburyo bwo gukura kw'ibyatsi bibisi.
Ubwoko: Umuti w'ibyatsi w'amababi manini.
4. Triklopiru
Imikoreshereze: Ifasha mu kurwanya ibimera by’ibiti n’ibyatsi bibisi, ikoreshwa mu mashyamba, uburenganzira bwo gukoresha inzira, no gucunga inzuri.
Igihe: Gukoresha nyuma yo kumera, akenshi bikoreshwa mu kuvura ibisebe.
Uburyo bwo gukora: Ikora nk'umusemburo w'ubukorano, ikabangamira imikurire y'uturemangingo mu bimera byibasiwe.
Ubwoko: Umuti w’ibyatsi utoranijwe, cyane cyane ugira ingaruka ku bwoko bw’ibiti n’amababi manini.
5. Atrazine
Imikoreshereze: Ikoreshwa cyane mu bihingwa by'ibigori n'ibisheke mu kurwanya ibyatsi bibi by'amababi manini n'ibyatsi.
Igihe: Ikoreshwa mbere yuko imera cyangwa nyuma yuko imera.
Uburyo bwo gukora: Ibuza fotosinthesisite mu bimera bishobora kwibasirwa n'ingaruka.
Ubwoko: Umuti w'ibyatsi utoranywa ku bijyanye n'ibibabi binini n'ibyatsi bimwe na bimwe.
6. Clopiralide
Imikoreshereze: Irwanya ibyatsi bimwe na bimwe by'amababi manini mu byatsi byo mu gasozi, mu nzuri no mu mirima y'inka.
Igihe: Ikoreshwa nyuma yo kumera mu gihe cyo gukura kw'ibimera.
Uburyo bwo gukora: Indi auxin y’ubukorano, itera gukura ku buryo butari bwo kandi budasanzwe mu bimera byibasiwe n’amababi manini.
Ubwoko: Umuti w'ibyatsi wihariye ku byatsi byihariye by'amababi manini.
7. Fluazifop-P-butyl
Imikoreshereze: Ikoreshwa mu kurwanya ibyatsi bibi mu bihingwa bitandukanye birimo soya, imboga, n'imitako.
Igihe cyo kuyikoresha: Ikoreshwa nyuma yo kumera igihe ibyatsi bibi bikiri bito kandi bikura neza.
Uburyo bwo gukora: Ibuza imikorere y'ibinure, ibi bikaba ari ingenzi cyane mu ikorwa ry'uturemangingo mu byatsi.
Ubwoko: Umuti w'ibyatsi w'ubwoko butandukanye.
8. Metribuzin
Imikoreshereze: Ikoreshwa mu bihingwa nk'ibirayi, inyanya na soya mu kurwanya ibyatsi bibi by'amababi manini n'ibyatsi.
Igihe: Ishobora gukoreshwa mbere yo kuvuka cyangwa nyuma yo kuvuka.
Uburyo bwo gukora: Ibuza fotositemu kwihambira ku bwoko bwa II bw'ibimera.
Ubwoko: Umuti w'ibyatsi utoranywa ku byatsi by'amababi manini n'ibyatsi.
9. Pendimetaline
Imikoreshereze: Ikoreshwa nk'umuti w'ibyatsi mbere yo kumera mu kurwanya ibyatsi bibisi n'ibindi bimera nk'ibigori, soya n'imboga.
Igihe cyo kubyaza umusaruro: Shyira ibimera mu butaka mbere yuko imbuto z'ibyatsi bibi zimera.
Uburyo bwo gukora: Bibuza igabanyuka ry'uturemangingo no kurekura kw'imbuto z'ibyatsi bibi.
Ubwoko: Umuti w’ibyatsi utoranijwe mbere yuko uvuka.
10.Clethodim
Ikoreshwa: Ireba ibyatsi bibi mu bihingwa by'amababi manini nka soya, ipamba, n'ibihwagari.
Igihe cyo kuyikoresha: Ikoreshwa nyuma yo kumera igihe ibyatsi bibi birimo gukura cyane.
Uburyo bwo gukora: Ibuza enzyme acetyl-CoA carboxylase, ikaba ari ingenzi mu gukora aside irike mu byatsi.
Ubwoko: Umuti w'ibyatsi w'ubwoko butandukanye.
Buri muti w’ibyatsi ukoreshwa hakurikijwe amabwiriza yihariye kugira ngo habeho kurwanya ibyatsi bibi neza kandi bigabanye kwangirika kw’ibimera byiza. Igihe gikwiye n’uburyo bwo kuwukoresha ni ingenzi kugira ngo bigerweho neza kandi birinde ko ibyatsi bibi bikomeza kwiyongera.
Imiti yica udukoko idatoranyije ni iki?
Iyo uteye imiti yica udukoko idatoranyije, uba wizewe ko uzakuraho ibimera byose (byaba ibyatsi cyangwa amababi manini) aho byakoreshejwe ukoresheje umuti umwe gusa.
Imiti yica udukoko idatoranyije ni myiza cyane cyane mu gukuraho ahantu hadakwiye kumera ibyatsi bibi na gato, nko ku nkengero z'uruzitiro, ahantu hadakunze kugaragara inzira z'umuhanda, n'inzira z'imihanda. Kubera imiti yica udukoko idatoranyije, ushobora kuyikoresha ku bwinshi niba ushaka gukuraho ibyatsi bibi byose biri aho ureba, aho kwitondera imiti yo mu bwoko bwa "topical treatment".
Imiti yica udukoko idatoranyije iroroshye cyane kuyikoresha. Kurikiza amabwiriza ari ku kirango hanyuma uvange imiti yica udukoko idatoranyije wihitiyemo n'amazi mu cyuma gikoresha intoki. Hanyuma ushobora kuyitera ku bimera wifuza gukuraho, gutyo gusa!
Twandikire
Imiti yica udukoko ikora ku mubiribikora vuba cyane. Akenshi bica ibyatsi bibi mu masaha make, bimwe mu gihe gito nk'igice cy'isaha ku munsi w'izuba. Imiti yica ibyatsi ikora ku buryo bworoshye niyo ikora neza kuriibyatsi bibi by'umwakacyane cyane ingemwe.
Niba ushaka gukurahoibimera bihoraho, ibuka ko imiti yica udukoko ikora ku giti cyayo yica gusa ibimera byo hejuru.
Ishingiye kuri sisitemu
Ubundi bwoko bw'imiti yica udukoko idatoranyije bukora mugahundainzira. Iyi miti yinjira mu kimera inyuze mu gice kimwe cy'ikimera (akenshi imizi) hanyuma igakwirakwira mu kimera cyose. Ubu buryo bukora gusa ku bimera ubona, bityo ntabwo ari uburyo bwo gukumira.
Ntugomba guhangayikishwa n'imiti iri mu miti yica udukoko isigaye mu butaka kuko irashira iyo ikimera gipfuye.
Ni iyihe miti imwe n'imwe ikunzwe cyane idatoranyije?
1. Glyphosate
Imikoreshereze: Ikoreshwa cyane mu kurwanya ubwoko bwinshi bw'ibyatsi n'ibyatsi mu buhinzi, ubuhinzi bw'imboga, no kurwanya ibyatsi byo mu ngo.
Igihe cyo kuyikoresha: Ishyirwa mu bikorwa nyuma yo kumera igihe ibyatsi bibi bikura cyane.
Uburyo bwo gukora: Ibuza enzyme EPSP synthase, ikenewe mu gukora aside amine z'ingenzi mu bimera, bigatera gupfa kw'ibimera.
Ubwoko: Umuti w'ibyatsi udatoranyije.
2. Diquat
Ikoreshwa: Ikunze gukoreshwa mu kurwanya ibyatsi bibi byo mu mazi no mu gutegura imirima mbere yo gutera. Ikoreshwa kandi mu gutobora imyaka mbere yo gusarura.
Igihe: Ikoreshwa nyuma yo kuvuka; ikora vuba cyane.
Uburyo bwo gukora: Bibangamira fotositemu mu gukora ubwoko bwa ogisijeni bukora, bigatera kwangirika kw'uturemangingo no gupfa vuba.
Ubwoko: Umuti w'ibyatsi udatoranyije.
3. Glufosinate
Ikoreshwa: Ikoreshwa mu kurwanya ubwoko bwinshi bw'ibyatsi bibi mu buhinzi, cyane cyane ku bihingwa byahinduwe mu buryo bw'uturemangingo kugira ngo birwanye nabyo.
Igihe cyo kuyikoresha: Ishyirwa mu bikorwa nyuma yo kumera igihe ibyatsi bibi bikura cyane.
Uburyo bwo gukora: Ibuza enzyme glutamine synthetase, bigatuma ammonia yiyongera mu ngingo z'ibimera ndetse n'urupfu rw'ibimera.
Ubwoko: Umuti w'ibyatsi udatoranyije.
4. Paraquat
Imikoreshereze: Ikoreshwa mu kurwanya ibyatsi n'ibyatsi mu turere twinshi tw'ubuhinzi n'utw'ibitari ubuhinzi. Bitewe n'uburozi bwinshi, ikoreshwa ryayo rigenzurwa cyane.
Igihe: Ikoreshwa nyuma yo kuvuka; ikora vuba cyane.
Uburyo bwo gukora: Bibangamira fotositemu mu gukora ubwoko bwa ogisijeni bukora, bigatera kwangirika kw'uturemangingo no gupfa vuba kw'ibimera.
Ubwoko: Umuti w'ibyatsi udatoranyije.
5. Imazapyr
Uburyo bwo kuyikoresha: Ikoreshwa mu kurwanya ibyatsi bibi byinshi biva ku mwaka n'ibidapfa igihe kirekire, ibihuru n'ibiti. Ikunze gukoreshwa ahantu hakorerwa inganda, ahantu hagenewe inzira n'amashyamba.
Igihe: Ishobora gukoreshwa mbere na nyuma yo kugaragara.
Uburyo bwo gukora: Ibuza enzyme acetolactate synthase (ALS), ikaba ari ingenzi mu gukora aside amine zigizwe n'amashami, bigatuma ibimera bipfa.
Ubwoko: Umuti w'ibyatsi udatoranyije.
6. aside ya Pelargonic
Imikoreshereze: Ikoreshwa mu gutwika ibimera vuba kandi ikunzwe cyane mu buhinzi bw’umwimerere no mu busitani kuko ikomoka ku bimera.
Igihe: Ikoreshwa nyuma yo kuvuka; ikora vuba.
Uburyo bwo gukora: Bihungabanya uturemangingo tw’umubiri, bigatera kubora vuba kw’uturemangingo tw’ibimera.
Ubwoko: Umuti w'ibyatsi udatoranyije.
7. Vinegere (aside asetiki)
Uburyo bwo kuyikoresha: Ikoreshwa nk'umuti w'ibyatsi usanzwe, udatoranya, mu kuvura ibyatsi bibi mu busitani no mu busitani.
Igihe cyo kuyikoresha: Ikoreshwa nyuma yo kumera; ingano nyinshi (ubusanzwe 20% cyangwa irenga) zigira akamaro kanini.
Uburyo bwo gukora: Bigabanya pH y'ikimera, bigatera kwangirika kw'uturemangingo no kubura umwuka.
Ubwoko: Umuti w'ibyatsi udatoranyije.
8. Umunyu (Sodium Chloride)
Imikoreshereze: Ikunze gukoreshwa hamwe na vinegere cyangwa ibindi bintu karemano mu kuvura ibyatsi bibi. Gukoresha cyane bishobora gutera ibibazo by'umunyu mu butaka.
Igihe: Bishyirwa mu bikorwa nyuma yo kuvuka.
Uburyo bwo gukora: Bihungabanya uburinganire bwa osmotic mu turemangingo tw'ibimera, bigatera umwuma n'urupfu.
Ubwoko: Umuti w'ibyatsi udatoranyije.
Buri muti w’ibyatsi udatoranyije ufite uburyo bwihariye bwo kuwukoresha no kuwukoresha kugira ngo ugenzure neza ibyatsi bibi, ariko kandi ugabanye ingaruka mbi zishobora kugaragara ku bimera byiza n’ibidukikije. Uburyo bukwiye bwo kuwukoresha n’uburyo bwo kwirinda ni ngombwa mu gihe ukoresha ibyo bicuruzwa.
Nigute nkoresha iyi miti yica udukoko?
Urashaka kumenya neza uburyo bwo gukoresha buri buryo kugira ngo ubone umusaruro mwiza.
Imiti yica ibyatsi iratoranywa kugira ngo irinde ibyatsi bibi gukura, kandi ushobora kuyikoresha mbere yuko imera. Gukoresha imiti yica ibyatsi mu mpera z'itumba no mu ntangiriro z'impeshyi bishobora kugira akamaro.
Niba warabonye ibimenyetso by'ibyatsi bibi, ushobora gukoresha icyo bita umuti uvura ibyatsi nyuma yo kumera. Amababi arawufata maze imiti ikwirakwira aho. Koresha uyu muti mu mpeshyi, igihe ibimera bikiri bito kandi byoroshye.
Ku miti yica udukoko idatoranyije, kwitonda ni ngombwa niba hari ibindi bimera bikeneye kurindwa. Kugira ngo utere mu murima wo gutera, ushobora gutera imiti yica udukoko uko bikenewe, ariko witondere imiti ikoreshwa mu kuvura udukoko hafi y'inzira z'abanyamaguru.
Wibuke ko imiti yica udukoko (cyane cyane iyo idatoranyije) irimo uburozi bwangiza abantu n'amatungo. Irinde ko bujya ku ruhu rwawe no ku myenda yawe.
Ni iyihe miti yica udukoko ngomba guhitamo?
Hitamo umuti w’ibyatsi udatoranyije niba ushaka umuti w’ibyatsi ukora vuba uzagufasha gusukura umurima wawe cyangwa ubusitani bwawe mbere yo gutera ibimera wifuza. Ibuka ko uyu muti atari umuti uramba, bityo ushobora kongera kuwukoresha mu mwaka ukurikiraho kugira ngo ukureho ibyatsi bibi.
Koresha umuti w’ibyatsi utoranijwe niba ushaka kubasha gukuraho ibyatsi bibi n’ibindi bimera byibasira utangiza imyaka yawe cyangwa ibimera wifuza korora.
Ibibazo Bikunze Kubazwa
Umuti w’ibyatsi utoranijwe ni iki?
Umuti ukomoka ku bimera bitandukanye ni ubwoko bw'umuti wica ibyatsi bibi gusa utibagiwe n'ibindi bimera.
Umuti w’ibyatsi udatoranyije ni iki?
Umuti w’ibyatsi udatoranyije ni umuti wica amoko yose y’ibimera, ntabwo ari ibyatsi bimwe na bimwe gusa.
Ni irihe tandukaniro riri hagati y'imiti yica udukoko itoranya n'iyidatoranya?
Imiti yica ibyatsi itoranijwe yibasira ubwoko runaka bw'ibyatsi bibi kandi ntigira ingaruka ku bindi bimera, mu gihe imiti yica ibyatsi idatoranijwe yica ubwoko bwose bw'ibimera.
Ese imiti yica ibyatsi idatoranyije yica ibyatsi?
Yego, imiti yica ibyatsi idatoranyije yica ibyatsi byose.
Nigute nkoresha imiti yica udukoko itoranijwe?
Imiti yica udukoko ikwiye gukoreshwa hakurikijwe amabwiriza ari ku kirango, mu bihe bikwiye by'ikirere no mu gihe ibyatsi bibi bikura cyane kugira ngo bigire ingaruka nziza kandi bigire umutekano.
Ni ryari wakoresha imiti yica udukoko itoranya?
Imiti yica udukoko isanzwe ikoreshwa iyo icyatsi kibisi cyibasiwe kiri mu cyiciro cyo gukura vuba kugira ngo habeho umusaruro mwiza.
Kuki abahinzi bahitamo gukoresha imiti yica udukoko mu buryo bw'umwihariko?
Abahinzi bahitamo gukoresha imiti yica udukoko mu buryo bunyuranye kugira ngo barwanye neza ibyatsi bibi bidatera kwangirika kw'ibihingwa, bityo umusaruro n'ubwiza by'ibihingwa birusheho kwiyongera.
Ese 2,4-D ni umuti w’ibyatsi utoranijwe?
Yego, 2,4-D ni umuti w’ibyatsi ukoreshwa cyane cyane mu kurwanya ibyatsi bibi by’amababi maremare.
Ese atrazine ni umuti w’ibyatsi utoranijwe?
Yego, atrazine ni umuti w’ibyatsi usanzwe ukoreshwa mu kurwanya ibyatsi bibi by’amababi manini n’ibyatsi bimwe na bimwe.
Ese glyphosate ni umuti w’ibyatsi utoranijwe?
Oya. Glyphosate ni umuti w’ibyatsi udatoranyije wica ibimera byose.
Ese paraquat ni umuti w’ibyatsi utoranijwe?
Oya. Paraquat ni umuti w’ibyatsi udatoranyije wica ibimera byose uhuye na byo.
Ese baking soda ifatwa nk'umuti utari uwo guhitamo?
Oya, soda yo guteka ntabwo ikunze gukoreshwa nk'umuti w'ibyatsi udatoranya.
Ese imiti yica ibyatsi idatoranyije yica ibyatsi?
Yego, imiti yica ibyatsi idatoranyije yica ibyatsi.
Ese imiti yica udukoko idatoranyije yangiza inyamaswa zo mu bwoko bwa "box turtles"?
Imiti yica udukoko idatoranyije ishobora kwangiza inyoni zo mu bwoko bwa "box turtles" n'izindi nyamaswa zo mu gasozi, bityo ikwiye gukoreshwa witonze.
Ni iyihe miti yica ibimera mu buryo bunyuranye yica inkoko?
Umuti w’ibyatsi urimo flumetsulfuron cyangwa ethoxyfluorfen ushobora kugira akamaro mu kurwanya inkoko.
Ni iyihe miti yica ibyatsi bibi byo mu bwoko bwa "paracides" mu Buyapani?
Umuti w’ibyatsi urimo flusulfuron ugira akamaro mu kurwanya ubwatsi bw’ibihumyo bwo mu Buyapani.
Ese imiti yica ibyatsi byatoranijwe yica ubwatsi bwa centipede?
Hari imiti yica ibyatsi byatoranijwe ishobora kwica ubwatsi bwa centipede, ariko icyapa cyayo kigomba gusuzumwa kugira ngo hamenyekane niba ikoreshwa.
Ese imiti yica udukoko yangiza imbuto ku biti by'imbuto?
Imiti myinshi y’ibyatsi itoranywa ntabwo yangiza imbuto, ariko igomba gukoreshwa witonze kugira ngo wirinde ko yahura n’imbuto.
Ni iyihe miti y’ibyatsi ishobora gukoreshwa ku bimera birebire?
Imiti yica ibyatsi itoranijwe nka flumetsulfuron ishobora kugira akamaro mu kurwanya ibyatsi bibi ku giti cy’umukara gito.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Gicurasi-31-2024
